New Edible Mushroom Species “Tit Iongnah” Discovered in East Khasi Hills

Shillong, Meghalaya – September 20, 2025 In a remarkable intersection of science and tradition, researchers have identified a new species of edible mushroom in the rain-soaked pine forests of the East Khasi Hills in Meghalaya. The mushroom, locally known as “Tit iongnah”, has been traditionally consumed by the Khasi tribes for generations, but its scientific documentation and classification have now brought it into the limelight, highlighting the rich biodiversity of the region. The discovery was made during a systematic survey conducted by a team of mycologists and ethnobotanists from the North Eastern Hill University (NEHU) in Shillong. The team focused on documenting edible fungi that have been historically used by indigenous communities but were yet to be formally studied. What makes this find significant is not only its contribution to the catalog of biodiversity in Meghalaya but also its cultural relevance, as it demonstrates the deep traditional knowledge held by the Khasi people regarding forest ecology and foraging practices. According to the lead researcher, Dr. Arlene Kharkongor, Tit iongnah possesses unique morphological characteristics, including a distinct cap shape and gill structure, which differentiate it from other edible mushrooms found in the northeastern region of India. “While this mushroom has been a part of local diets for generations, its formal classification enables scientists to study its nutritional content, medicinal properties, and potential for cultivation,” Dr. Kharkongor explained. For the Khasi tribes, Tit iongnah is more than just a source of food; it holds cultural significance. The mushroom is often incorporated into traditional dishes and seasonal delicacies, and its collection involves knowledge passed down through generations. The identification of this species by scientists underscores the value of preserving traditional ecological knowledge, which often complements modern scientific research. Experts emphasize that documenting such indigenous food sources is critical in the context of biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. Meghalaya’s forests are home to a wide variety of endemic species, but environmental changes, deforestation, and unsustainable harvesting practices threaten this delicate ecosystem. Scientific studies combined with indigenous knowledge can help in creating sustainable harvesting practices, ensuring that species like Tit iongnah remain available for future generations. The discovery also opens avenues for further research into the nutritional and medicinal properties of the mushroom. Preliminary observations suggest that it is rich in proteins, vitamins, and antioxidants, making it a potentially valuable addition to the regional and even national diet. Researchers are planning detailed studies to explore its cultivation potential, which could benefit local communities economically while promoting biodiversity-friendly practices. As Meghalaya continues to gain attention for its unique ecological heritage, discoveries like Tit iongnah reinforce the importance of integrating scientific research with traditional practices. By respecting and studying indigenous knowledge, scientists and local communities together can contribute to preserving the environment, promoting sustainable livelihoods, and celebrating the cultural heritage of the region. The formal documentation of Tit iongnah marks a milestone in Meghalaya’s ongoing efforts to merge culture, science, and conservation, highlighting the potential of indigenous wisdom to guide modern scientific exploration. This discovery is a reminder that often, the treasures of science lie hidden in the practices of traditional communities, waiting to be acknowledged and preserved.